Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The very last inlined frame, i.e. the one furthest away from the
non-inlined frame, was silently dropped. This is apparent when
comparing the output of `perf script` and `addr2line`:
~~~~~~
$ perf script --inline
...
a.out 26722 80836.309329: 72425 cycles:
21561 __hypot_finite (/usr/lib/libm-2.25.so)
ace3 hypot (/usr/lib/libm-2.25.so)
a4a main (a.out)
std::abs<double>
std::_Norm_helper<true>::_S_do_it<double>
std::norm<double>
main
20510 __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc-2.25.so)
bd9 _start (a.out)
$ addr2line -a -f -i -e /tmp/a.out a4a | c++filt
0x0000000000000a4a
std::__complex_abs(doublecomplex )
/usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:589
double std::abs<double>(std::complex<double> const&)
/usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:597
double std::_Norm_helper<true>::_S_do_it<double>(std::complex<double> const&)
/usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:654
double std::norm<double>(std::complex<double> const&)
/usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:664
main
/tmp/inlining.cpp:14
~~~~~
Note how `std::__complex_abs` is missing from the `perf script`
output. This is similarly showing up in `perf report`. The patch
here fixes this issue, and the output becomes:
~~~~~
a.out 26722 80836.309329: 72425 cycles:
21561 __hypot_finite (/usr/lib/libm-2.25.so)
ace3 hypot (/usr/lib/libm-2.25.so)
a4a main (a.out)
std::__complex_abs
std::abs<double>
std::_Norm_helper<true>::_S_do_it<double>
std::norm<double>
main
20510 __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc-2.25.so)
bd9 _start (a.out)
~~~~~
Signed-off-by: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Yao Jin <yao.jin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524062129.32529-7-namhyung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When a filename was found in addr2line it was duplicated via strdup()
but never freed. Now we pass NULL and handle this gracefully in
addr2line.
Detected by Valgrind:
==16331== 1,680 bytes in 21 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 148 of 220
==16331== at 0x4C2AF1F: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==16331== by 0x672FA69: strdup (in /usr/lib/libc-2.25.so)
==16331== by 0x52769F: addr2line (srcline.c:256)
==16331== by 0x52769F: addr2inlines (srcline.c:294)
==16331== by 0x52769F: dso__parse_addr_inlines (srcline.c:502)
==16331== by 0x574D7A: inline__fprintf (hist.c:41)
==16331== by 0x574D7A: ipchain__fprintf_graph (hist.c:147)
==16331== by 0x57518A: __callchain__fprintf_graph (hist.c:212)
==16331== by 0x5753CF: callchain__fprintf_graph.constprop.6 (hist.c:337)
==16331== by 0x57738E: hist_entry__fprintf (hist.c:628)
==16331== by 0x57738E: hists__fprintf (hist.c:882)
==16331== by 0x44A20F: perf_evlist__tty_browse_hists (builtin-report.c:399)
==16331== by 0x44A20F: report__browse_hists (builtin-report.c:491)
==16331== by 0x44A20F: __cmd_report (builtin-report.c:624)
==16331== by 0x44A20F: cmd_report (builtin-report.c:1054)
==16331== by 0x4A49CE: run_builtin (perf.c:296)
==16331== by 0x4A4CC0: handle_internal_command (perf.c:348)
==16331== by 0x434371: run_argv (perf.c:392)
==16331== by 0x434371: main (perf.c:530)
Signed-off-by: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Yao Jin <yao.jin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: kernel-team@lge.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524062129.32529-3-namhyung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Often it is interesting to know how costly a given source line is in
total. Previously, one had to build these sums manually based on all
addresses that pointed to the same source line. This patch introduces
srcline as a sort key, which will do the aggregation for us.
Paired with the recent addition of showing inline frames, this makes
perf report much more useful for many C++ work loads.
The following shows the new feature in action. First, let's show the
status quo output when we sort by address. The result contains many hist
entries that generate the same output:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
$ perf report --stdio --inline -g address
# Children Self Command Shared Object Symbol
# ........ ........ ............ ................... .........................................
#
99.89% 35.34% cpp-inlining cpp-inlining [.] main
|
|--64.55%--main complex:655
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:664 (inline)
| |
| |--60.31%--hypot +20
| | |
| | |--8.52%--__hypot_finite +273
| | |
| | |--7.32%--__hypot_finite +411
...
--35.34%--_start +4194346
__libc_start_main +241
|
|--6.65%--main random.tcc:3326
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1809 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1818 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:185 (inline)
|
|--2.70%--main random.tcc:3326
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1809 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1818 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:185 (inline)
|
|--1.69%--main random.tcc:3326
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1809 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1818 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:185 (inline)
...
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
With this patch and `-g srcline` we instead get the following output:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
$ perf report --stdio --inline -g srcline
# Children Self Command Shared Object Symbol
# ........ ........ ............ ................... .........................................
#
99.89% 35.34% cpp-inlining cpp-inlining [.] main
|
|--64.55%--main complex:655
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/complex:664 (inline)
| |
| |--64.02%--hypot
| | |
| | --59.81%--__hypot_finite
| |
| --0.53%--cabs
|
--35.34%--_start
__libc_start_main
|
|--12.48%--main random.tcc:3326
| /home/milian/projects/kdab/rnd/hotspot/tests/test-clients/cpp-inlining/main.cpp:39 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1809 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:1818 (inline)
| /usr/include/c++/6.3.1/bits/random.h:185 (inline)
...
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Signed-off-by: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Yao Jin <yao.jin@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170318214928.9047-1-milian.wolff@kdab.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
It would be useful for perf to support a mode to query the inline stack
for a given callgraph address. This would simplify finding the right
code in code that does a lot of inlining.
The srcline.c has contained the code which supports to translate the
address to filename:line_nr. This patch just extends the function to let
it support getting the inline stacks.
It introduces the inline_list which will store the inline function
result (filename:line_nr and funcname).
If BFD lib is not supported, the result is only filename:line_nr.
Signed-off-by: Yao Jin <yao.jin@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1490474069-15823-3-git-send-email-yao.jin@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Introduce dso__name() and filename_split() out of existing code because
these codes will be used in several places in next patch.
For filename_split(), it may also solve a potential memory leak in
existing code. In existing addr2line(),
sep = strchr(filename, ':');
if (sep) {
*sep++ = '\0';
*file = filename;
*line_nr = strtoul(sep, NULL, 0);
ret = 1;
}
out:
pclose(fp);
return ret;
If sep is NULL, filename is not freed or returned via file.
Signed-off-by: Yao Jin <yao.jin@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1490474069-15823-2-git-send-email-yao.jin@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
When profiling the kernel with the 'srcfile' sort key it's common to
"get stuck" in include. For example a lot of code uses current or other
inlines, so they get accounted to some random include file. This is not
very useful as a high level categorization.
For example just profiling the idle loop usually shows mostly inlines,
so you never see the actual cpuidle file.
This patch changes the 'srcfile' sort key to always unwind the inline
stack using BFD/DWARF. So we always account to the base function that
called the inline.
In a few cases include is still shown (for example for MSR accesses),
but that is because they get inlining expanded as part of assigning to a
global function pointer. For the majority it works fine though.
v2: Use simpler while loop. Add maximum iteration count.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1441133239-31254-1-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
For perf report/script srcline currently only the base file name of the
source file is printed. This is a good default because it usually fits
on the screen.
But in some cases we want to know the full file name, for example to
aggregate hits per file.
In the later case we need more than the base file name to resolve file
naming collisions: for example the kernel source has ~70 files named
"core.c"
It's also useful as input to post processing tools which want to point
to the right file.
Add a flag to allow full file name output.
Add an option to perf report/script to enable this option.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1438986245-15191-1-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Commit 85c116a6cb ("perf callchain: Make get_srcline fall back to sym+offset")
introduces asprintf() call and matches '%ld' to a u64 argument, which is
incorrect on ARM:
CC /home/wn/util/srcline.o
util/srcline.c: In function 'get_srcline':
util/srcline.c:297:6: error: format '%ld' expects argument of type 'long int', but argument 4 has type 'u64' [-Werror=format]
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
make[1]: *** [/home/wn/util/srcline.o] Error 1
In addition, all users of get_srcline() use u64 addr, and libbfd
also use 64 bit bfd_vma as address. This patch also fix
prototype of get_srcline() and addr2line() to use u64 addr
instead of unsigned long.
Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1418710746-35943-1-git-send-email-wangnan0@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
For lbr-as-callgraph we need to see the line number in the history,
because many LBR entries can be in a single function, and just
showing the same function name many times is not useful.
When the history code is configured to sort by address, also try to
resolve the address to a file:srcline and display this in the browser.
If that doesn't work still display the address.
This can be also useful without LBRs for understanding which call in a large
function (or in which inlined function) called something else.
Contains fixes from Namhyung Kim
v2: Refactor code into common function
v3: Fix GTK build
v4: Rebase
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1415844328-4884-7-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
It failed to build perf on my ubuntu 10.04 box (gcc 4.4.3):
CC util/strlist.o
cc1: warnings being treated as errors
util/strlist.c: In function ‘str_node__delete’:
util/strlist.c:42: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
util/strlist.c:42: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
CC util/strfilter.o
make: *** [util/strlist.o] Error 1
CC util/srcline.o
cc1: warnings being treated as errors
util/srcline.c: In function ‘addr2line_init’:
util/srcline.c:132: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
util/srcline.c:132: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
util/srcline.c: In function ‘addr2line_cleanup’:
util/srcline.c:143: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
util/srcline.c:143: error: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules
make: *** [util/srcline.o] Error 1
It seems it only allows to remove 'const' qualifier.
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1389276479-9047-1-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
trace-event-parse.c:parse_proc_kallsyms()
Old GCC (4.4.2) does not see through the code flow of get_srcline() and
gets confused about the status of 'file' and 'line':
CC /tmp/build/perf/util/srcline.o
cc1: warnings being treated as errors
util/srcline.c: In function ¿get_srcline¿:
util/srcline.c:226: error: ¿file¿ may be used uninitialized in this function
util/srcline.c:227: error: ¿line¿ may be used uninitialized in this function
make[1]: *** [/tmp/build/perf/util/srcline.o] Error 1
make: *** [install] Error 2
make: Leaving directory `/home/acme/git/linux/tools/perf'
[acme@fedora12 linux]$
Help out GCC by initializing 'file' and 'line'.
Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-h8k7h49z3cndqgjdftkmm9f8@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
